Process of producting artificial fogs



April 10, 1928. 1,665,267

A. v. JERNBERG PROCESS OF PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL FOGS 7 Filed July-l4, 1925 fizuenfor.

J 1 xe 06c! C21 L Zern ezy.

Patented Apr. 10, 1928.

UNITED STATES AXEL VIDAR JEBNBERG, OF TIDAHOLM, SWEDEN.

PROCESS OF PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL FOGS.

Application filed July 14, 1925, Serial No. 43,655, and in Sweden July 22, 1924.

In the production of artificial fogs it 1s necessary, in order to obta n a suceesstul result as well as from an econom cal point of view, to have thematerial or materials used in the production of the tog as finely divided as possible before entering the open air and -to see that the concentration of the fog particles formed during the process does not become so large on any point, that an agglomeration of such particles can take place at that point, thereby reduc ng the efiiciency of formation of the tog.

My invention refers to a process for obtaining the best possible result in th s respect and consists in that the material or materials, used for the production, are finely divided in two or more stages before entering the open air. This division can be executed in several ways, either chemically or mechanically or in a combined mechanicochemical way.

The nature of the process may suitably be explained by a description of a practically tested apparatus for its performance. A constructional form of such an apparatus (smoke or fogsyringe) is illustrated diagrammatically in the accompanymg drawing. The apparatus consists} of a smoke or its back end and with its other end open and projecting into another and widertube 10, provided with a spreading screen S at its outer end. The tube 9 surrounds a tube B (the mixer) and is provided with an inlet 8 for air or another gas in its back part. Through the back end'of the tube 9 runs a pipe 1, forming an inletifor the fluid or fluids (gases or liquids) used in the production of fogs with this apparatus. A double walled container D for the fog-producing materials for instance above the tube 9 and is connected to conduits or pipes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. The contents of the container may be delivered into the interior of the tube 9 by means of the conduits 6, 7, and suitable gases (as air, steam, combustion gases from a motor and the like) may be forced into the conduit 7 or into the space between the double walls of the container D or in the interior of said container by means of the conduits 2, 3, 4.

The apparatus operates as hereinafter described. When the fog-producing material has been introduced into the container D and fog syrmge, comprising a tube 9, closed at when the current of phosphorus is placed transferred into a suitable form (for instance by heating the container by steam from the conduit 3) the cock 1 is opened, whereby the gas for example steam or combustion gases flows into the tube 13 and further through the tube 9, thereby sucking with it on both sides of the tube B air from the air inlet 8. If now the fog producing material for example hosphorus is introduced into the tube B tlirough the conduit 7 a first decomposition of said material takes place in that tube whereby a current of gas is formed which when leaving the tube B joins with the current of air, passing outside the tube, This current, however, has not the same speed as that passing through the tube B, for which reason a friction between the two currents occurs, causing an efiective division or pulverization of the fog producing material. The division thus has been carried out in two stages or phases, viz,

within the tube B and when leaving it.

Simultaneously the concentration of the fog particles, generated in B is diminished. A further division or pulverization of the fog producing material as well as a further diminishing of the concentration of the fog particles for the same reason takes place gas passes from the tube 9 to the outer tube 10 and also when the said current strikes the screen S. When the fog current leaves the apparatus at S the fog producing material thus has been pulverized four times. I

If the fog producing material used is such that it becomes chemically combined with the driving gas and the air at their contact, whereby heat is generated, still one phase of pulverization arises, because the gases are expanded by the heat developed at the reaction, whereby the speed of the gas is increased, thus contributing to the pulverization of the fog producing material and a decrease in fog particles already formed. Another method of producing artificial fogs according to the present invention consists in forcing a diluting gas through the tube 2 into the material flowing through the tube 7 in which'case the fog producing material will become extremely finely pulverized at the entrance in the tube B &c-.

About the same result is obtained by using the pipes 4 and 5.

the concentration of the,

The to produein material also may be introduce in the tube 9 through the perforated pipe 6, whereb the material at first is divided in several ne currents, which are further divided by the driving gas current and the air.

The feeding-pipes 6 and 7 for the fog producing material may also be heated, so that the said material after the entrance in them totally or partially is brought into a gaseous condition, before it meets the driving gas current.

Having now particularly described the nature of my invention and the manner of its operation, what I claim is:

A process of producing artificial fogs according to the smoke syringe method, which comprises introducing melted phosphorus, repeatedly efiecting a fine division of the phosphorus by the application of fluid pressure, and thereafter delivering the finely divided material to the open air.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

AXEL VIDAR J ERNBERG. 

